Dr. Ali Amin Abdul-Jabbar conducted a research in collaboration with Dr. Adrian Burch, Dr. Nicholas Clark and Dr. Jonathan Lees at Cardiff University in the United Kingdom entitled “Dual-Mode Microwave Sensor Study for Variable Temperature Liquid Diagnostics. It was published in the Journal of

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES

Abdul-Jabbarfi explained his work, whereby a microwave sensor was designed and built at a frequency of 2.5 GHz to measure the permittivity of liquids in capillary channels with changing temperatures. Abdul-Jabbar added, explaining that the sensor consists of two four-ring resonance circuits that are excited in parallel, the first circuit is used to measure the permittivity of the liquid, and the other is used as a reference to know the change due to temperature. The sensor was tested with two types of liquids, water and chloroform, with a temperature change range from 23 oC to 35 oC, and excellent results were obtained. The research was published in volume (65) and issue (7).